Environmental hazard  Identification is a process of identification of a state or an event which has the potential to threaten the surrounding natural environment / or adversely affect people’s health and natural disasters such as storms and earthquakes

Constitute a strategic approach for integrating Reliability, Availability and Maintainability, by using methods, tools and engineering techniques (such as Mean Time to Failure, Equipment down time and System Availability values) to identify and quantify equipment and system failures that prevent the achievement of its objectives.

An Emergency Systems Survivability Analysis (ESSA) is to identify all key emergency systems and ensure that these systems are suitable for the Major Accident Events they have been designed to respond to; and that the systems will survive for sufficient time to perform their design functions.

Objective:

An Emergency Systems Survivability Analysis (ESSA) is to identify all key emergency systems and ensure that these systems are suitable for the Major Accident Events they have been designed to respond to; and that the systems will survive for sufficient time to perform their design functions.

SIL Validation method aims to determine if the stipulated requirements can be achieved as stated in the safety requirement specification.

Objectives:

The objective of the requirements of this stage is to validate, through inspection and testing, that the installed and commissioned safety instrumented system and its associated safety instrumented functions achieve the requirements as stated in the safety requirement specification.

Activity performed by a competent senior engineer to determine if the safety system does meet the specification and actually achieve functional safety (freedom from unacceptable risk). This assessment is an important part of reducing systematic failures. It must be performed at least after commissioning and validation but before the hazard is present.

The Project Health, Safety & Environmental Review (PHSER) is to make sure that in various project stages Health, Safety and Environmental issues are identified, considered and either closed out as a part of the look process, or taken forward as a recommendation to the following stage of the project lifecycle.

Objectives:

The objective of the PHSER process is to ensure that HSE-risks have been identified and that the major projects, engineering and operational systems will be developed to manage the identified risks.

The Fire and Gas Mapping study objective is to identify and assess the placement and performance of detectors by stimulating idealized fire and gas release scenarios through the application of 3D models on the mapping software. The objectives of the study also include to review the location and number of fire & gas detectors provided using three dimensional computational tools and suggest measures to optimize the coverage.

Escape, Evacuation and Rescue Analysis is to identify escape, evacuation and rescue (EER) facilities provided to enable personnel to escape from the immediate effects of accident events, and, if necessary, evacuate the installation and reach an ultimate place of safety.

Objectives:

To provide a means for personnel to leave their area of work where the incident is taking place.

To provide a safe area or temporary refuge where personnel can gather until the incident is brought under control. The safe area should be protected from smoke and gas ingress (flammable and toxic), oxygen deficiency, carbon dioxide accumulation, internal generation of toxic fumes, and excessive heat.

To provide secure communication so that personnel can coordinate their activities with the emergency response services.

To provide means for a full evacuation of the facility if needed, including leaving the safe area should its integrity be compromised.